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Insteadthey went with Solution 2. The resulting currency, called bitcoin cash, increased the blocksize to 8 Mb in order to accelerate the verification procedure to permit a performance of around two million transactions per day. At the time of writing, Bitcoin Cash is valued at $545.00 to Bitcoins $6,328.11.

When you hear about bitcoin mining, you envisage coins being dug out of the ground. But bitcoin isnt physical, so why do we call it mining

Since its like gold mining in that the bitcoins exist in the protocols design (just as the gold exists underground), but they havent been brought out into the light yet (like the golden hasnt been awakened ). The bitcoin protocol stipulates that 21 million bitcoins will exist at some point.

They get to perform so as a reward for creating blocks of confirmed transactions and including them in the blockchain.

Backtracking a bit, lets discuss nodes. A node is a powerful computer which runs the bitcoin software and helps keep bitcoin running by participating in the relay of information. Anyone can run a node, you just download the bitcoin applications (totally free ) and also leave a certain port open (the drawback is the fact that it consumes energy and storage space the network at time of writing carries up about 145GB).

One node will send information to a few nodes that it knows, that will relay the information to nodes that they know, etc.. That way it ends up getting around the entire network pretty quickly. .

Some nodes are mining nodes (usually referred to as miners). These set outstanding transactions into blocks and add them to the blockchain. How can they do this By solving a intricate mathematical mystery that is a portion of this bitcoin program, and including the answer in the block. The mystery that needs solving is to find a number that, when combined with the information in the block and passed through a hash function, creates a result that is within a certain range.

(For trivia lovers, this number is known as a nonce, which is a concatenation of number employed once. In the case of bitcoin, the nonce is an integer between 0 and 4,294,967,296.)

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How do they find this number By guessing at random. The hash function makes it impossible to predict what the outcome will be. So, miners suppose the puzzle number and apply the hash function to the combination of the guessed number and also the information in the block. The resulting hash has to begin with a pre-established number of zeroes.

Whats more, there might be several nonces that make the intended result, or there may be none (in which case the miners keep trying, but with a different block configuration). .

The first miner to acquire a resulting hash within the desirable range announces its victory to the rest of the network. The rest of the miners immediately cease work on that block and start trying to figure out the puzzle number for the next one. As a reward for the work, the victorious miner has some new bitcoin. .

In the time of writing, the reward is 12.5 bitcoins, which in time of writing will be worth almost $200,000.

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Though its not nearly as cushy a bargain as it sounds. There are a lot of mining nodes competing for this reward, and it's a question of fortune and computing power (the more guessing calculations you can perform, the luckier you are).

Also, the costs of being a mining node are considerable, not only due to the effective hardware needed (if you have a faster processor than your competitors, you have a better chance of finding the right number before they do), but also because of the large amounts of power that running these chips consumes. .

And, the number of all bitcoins awarded as a reward for solving the puzzle will decrease. Its 12.5 now, but it pits each four decades or so (the next one is anticipated in 2020-21). The worth of bitcoin relative to cost of electricity and hardware could go up over the next few years to partially compensate this reduction, but its not certain. .

The problem of this calculation (the necessary number of zeroes at the beginning of the hash string) is corrected frequently, so it requires on average approximately 10 minutes to process a block.

Why 10 minutes that's the amount of time the bitcoin programmers think is necessary to get a continuous and diminishing flow of new coins until the highest number of 21 million has been attained (anticipated some useful site time in 2140).